Collins, William

25 December 1721 - 12 June 1759

Another member of the Graveyard School, Collins was influenced by his friend and fellow boneyard boy Joseph Warton and by James Thomson, another Graveyarder. Collins began publishing poetry in his late teens and spent much of his life struggling to succeed as a writer. His major publication, Odes on Several Descriptive and Allegorical Subjects (1746), met with little success; Collins' work was out of the poetic mainstream in its exploration of more powerful emotional and psychological effects. Quite possibly afflicted with some sort of mental instability later in life (perhaps depression), Collins was largely forgotten by the time of his death. But the changing cultural currents of the late C18 turned in his favor. He came to be romanticized (by the Romantics, appropriately enough, especially Hazlitt and Coleridge) as a "mad poet" who early death was itself poetically tragic; Collins also was widely understood to be, in his work, a precursor of many Romantic traits. As for his contributions to the Graveyard School, some of the odes linked below will explain....  

 Ah Fear! Ah frantic Fear!
 I see, I see thee near.
I know thy hurried step, thy haggard eye!
Like thee I start, like thee disordered fly.
For lo, what monsters in thy train appear!
 - "Ode to Fear"


Sites:
Biographical note
[Bran Nicol, U College Chichester; Literary Encyclopedia]
Biographical note
From Samuel Johnson's Lives of the Poets (1779). [Kathleen Nulton Kemmerer, 18th-Century Archive, Penn State Hazelton]
Brief biographical note
[NetPoets]
Brief biographical note a LitGothic etext
[John W. Cousins, A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature, 1910]


Etexts:
"Ode Occasioned by the Death of Mr Thomson"  [1749]
One of the last poems written by Collins, an elegy for the passing of his friend and supporter and fellow Graveyard School poet James Thomson.
- at LitGothic a LitGothic etext

"An Ode on the Popular Superstitions of the Highlands of Scotland"

"Ode to Evening"  [1746]
- at U Toronto
- at NetPoets
- at Bartleby.com

"Ode to Fear"  [1746] a LitGothic etext

Odes on Several Descriptive and Allegoric Subjects
An e-version of Collins' 1746 volume, which includes several of the poems listed above as well as others, along w/ Collins' original footnotes. [Risa S. Bear, Renascence Editions]

"The Passions. An Ode for Music" [1746]
- at Renascence Editions

"William Collins."